Population growth and food security in ethiopia pdf

Effects of population growth and urbanization in the pacific islands more than 35 percent of the people of the pacific islands live and work in towns, and the rate of urban population growth throughout most of the region is high figure 1. Annual growth rate of real gdp % world bank group 2018 8 proportion of population under 18 living below the national poverty line % csa unicef 2015 child poverty report 32. Food security is defined, according to the world food summit of 1996, as existing when all people at all times have access to sufficient, safe, nutritious food to maintain a healthy and active life. Informed and guided by the global food security strategy gfss, the plan is.

Food security can also be defined as a condition where all people, at all times, have. New innovations will continue to maintain this balance by boosting food production and distribution efficiency in the years ahead. Yet agriculture accounts for about half of the regions gross domestic product gdp. When all people, at all times, have physical, social and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life. Boon economic growth continues to be sluggish or negative, impacting heavily on the welfare of the people, especially the rural population. Introduction the question considered herehow does population growth affect the direction and magnitude of economic change today as world population approaches 6. Researchers, policymakers, governments, civil society and social medias are expressing their concern over the effects of. Ethiopia has made significant progress on food security and nutrition although challenges remain. Much of the population is still dependent on rainfed agriculture. Addis ababa university school of graduate studies masters. Global food security strategy gfss ethiopia country plan usaid. The impact of this impressive growth performance on poverty has been limited, and on. Ethiopia population 2020 demographics, maps, graphs. Certainly, the landlocked east african nation faces outsized challenges.

The major factors are the nature of economic growth, the macroeconomic stability and the initial situations of the country economy. An eclectic perspective we live in a world where of the 80,000 edible plants used for food, only about 150 are being cultivated, and just eight are traded globally. In march 2018,the former federal cabinet of pakistan approved a new and improved version of the pakistan national food security policy after years of development by the ministry of national food security and research. If ethiopia follows its current rate of growth, its population will double in the next 30 years, hitting 210 million by 2060. Food security and nutrition context ethiopia has made significant progress on food security and nutrition although challenges remain. Chronic food insecurity affects 10 percent of the population, even in years with sufficient rains. Food security and population growth in the 21st century. Today, ethiopia faces high levels of food insecurity. Understanding the relationship between economic growth and.

Exponential demographic growth has seen ethiopias population more than. According to wfp, the levels of food insecurity in egypt have risen significantly over the past three years, as egypt faces its worst economic crisis since the 1930s. Development in ethiopia these achievements are all the more outstanding given ethiopias many development challenges as a landlocked country and the second most populous country in africa. Population growth is the increase in the number of individuals in a population. Food security and why it matters world economic forum. Decline in production of cash crops, livestock productivity and price instability are associated with income shortage which leads to insecurity. However, its total population is more than 90 million. Why population matters to food security the state of food security the fao defines food security as. Ethiopias growth in the 1990s was driven by industry 7. The relation bn economic growth and food insecurity. Higher economic growth brought with it positive trends in poverty reduction in both urban and rural areas. Food security policy in ethiopia started during the monarchy government. Population growth, inflation and food insecurity in.

According to the food and agricultural organization fao report of 1999, average caloric intake in rural areas is 1,680 kilo calories per person per day. The concept of stability can therefore refer to both the availability and access dimensions of food security. In terms of food security, ethiopia is one of the seven african countries that constitute half of the food insecure population in subsaharan africa sisay, 1995. Hopfenbergs thesis on the relationship of food availability and human population growth. Rapid population growth has been regarded as one of the major causes of food insecurity in ethiopia. Since 2007, ethiopia has achieved strong economic growth, making it one of the highest performing economies in subsaharan africa. Linkages between economic growth and food security.

In addition to this, the infrastructure development and market development significantly influence the relationship between economic growth and food insecurity. However, just five percent of land is irrigated and crop yields from small farms are below regional averages. However, there are considerable regional variations in the level of urbanization. As in many other developing countries the rate of growth of the urban population in ethiopia is higher. Most of the worlds population growth in the next 4050 years is expected to come from africa, and ethiopia. The tree against hunger a report by the american association for the advancement of science aaas has called enset the tree against hunger. The political conflicts may arise due to clash of thoughts among huge population which may be a cause to overlook food security. With very low labor productivity, yields, and growth rates, agriculture is unable to keep up with population growth or achieve the type of propoor growth needed to reduce poverty dramatically. Assessing the root causes of recurring food insecurity in ethiopia. In the longer term, these investments in ethiopias growth and transformation will result in a reduced need for humanitarian assistance as the country becomes more selfreliant. The foundation of its economic growth is agriculture, which employs 80 percent of the population. Despite rapid population growth, ethiopia s poverty rate fell from 56 percent in 2000 to close to 30 percent. This commonly refers to people having physical and economic access to food that meets both their nutritional needs and food preferences.

Global human population growth amounts to around 83 million annually, or 1. Desert in the east rainforest in the west high altude vegetaon in the central, southeastern and northern highlands human dependency on environment is high populaon growth. Between 1950 and 2015, however, the worlds population nearly tripled from 2. It is expected to keep growing, and estimates have put the total population at 8.

Reflecting population growth and rising food insecurity, the number of hungry people on the african continent rose by 20 million from 2007 to 20102012. Food insecurity remains high, and serious droughts led to famine in 201112. Proper food defence is even more problematic, as it. The global population has grown from 1 billion in 1800 to 7. Food supply and population growth february 20, 2012 farming practices, daily email recap thanks to russell hopfenberg, ph. This content was written by a student and assessed as part of a university degree. Ethiopia is currently one of the fastest growing countries in the world, with a growth rate of 3. Exogenous assumptions for the drivers of growth in the economic submodel. Global food security strategy gfss ethiopia country plan.

This was well received as about 60% of pakistans population is food insecure according to the world food programme wfp. Food security, its determinants and urbanization public. The government is implementing the second phase of its growth and transformation plan gtp ii which will run to 201920. Recent trends in agricultural growth and food security in eastern and central africa eca have been discouraging. Sofi 2019 the state of food security and nutrition in. With more than 90 million people, ethiopia is the sec ond most populous country in subsaharan africa and has one of the fastestgrowing economies in the world. Cincotta and robert engelman population action international october 1997. Yet it remains one of the worlds least developed countries, ranked 174 out of 187 in the 2011 undp human development index and. One in ten ethiopians is chronically food insecure, and nearly one in five go hungry in drought years. Ethiopia could potentially reach middleincome status by 2025 with an emphasis on boosting domestic savings rates. Ethiopia is one of many african countries deeply affected by food insecurityestimates of the portion of ethiopias population without secure access to food exceeds 3 million in some seasons. The effect of population growth on efficiency in food. All of the above data indicate that food security situation in ethiopia has been a. Until 2003, most of the food security policy in ethiopia was based on relief and emergency service.

Ideas and new technology have moved faster than population growth for centuries, helping to ensure people and business around the globe can keep up to speed with an everchanging world. Population and economic growth discourse in ethiopia tsegaye tegenu october 27, 2011 the worlds 7 billionth baby will be born on 31 october 2011. Population growth and cultivated land in rural ethiopia. This section provides a brief overview of the current food security and nutrition context in which usg investments are being made. Of these food items only 40% of the households consumed more than three food groups. Ethiopia s economy is dependent on agriculture, which accounts for 40 percent of the gdp, 80 percent of exports, and an estimated 75 percent of the countrys workforce. The share of the population living below the national poverty line decreased from 30% in 2011 to 24% in 2016. Economic slowdowns and downturns generate a number of direct and indirect impacts that flow through different transmission channels and. Climate change, food security, and population in ethiopia.

Based on the latest estimates, the current population of ethiopia is 101,481, 000 and the annual rate of growth rate is close to 2. Ethiopia, but it is also worth recognizing that amid. Despite rapid population growth, ethiopias poverty rate fell from 56 percent in 2000. In a world where we produce food for 12 billion people when there are only 6. Ethiopia has experienced strong economic growth over the past decade and is amongst the fastest growing in the world. Modeling climate change, food security, and population. Poverty is still a big obstacle to overcome in ethiopia. These may be the major reason to see the higher food insecured people in ethiopia with higher economic growth. Nexus between economic growth, poverty, and food security and nutrition. Chapter 1 effects of population growth and urbanization in.

Ethiopia also has a large population of internally displaced persons idps due to conflict in the oromia and somali regions usaid 2017b. The risk of increasing food insecurity i higher in slums and informal settlements where, in many cases, socioeconomic development is already lower than in. That means that in a given year, almost 1 in 10 ethiopians will struggle to have access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food for. Given this possible projection, the ethiopian population would double in about 28 years and its effect on food security would be insurmountable. Ethiopia has been deemed a populationclimate hotspot a place where rapid growth and a changing climate pose grave threats to food security and human wellbeing. Ethiopias food security crisis of 20152016 is the latest in a string of such crises. In short, this is a global challenge because its not just about food and feeding people. In this context, ethiopias agricultural and food policies are crucially important, having profound. Food security issues in ethiopia are extremely complex because of large variations across space and over time related to agroecologies, weather shocks, government policies, and other factors. Overall, eight of the twentytwo pacific countries are now predominantly urban. It is grown mainly in the highlands of southern ethiopia, and was likely domesticated 10,000 years ago. But the complexity of delivering sufficient food to a national population and to the whole worlds population shows why food security is such a priority for all countries, whether developing or developed. Food security, as defined by the united nations committee on world food security, means that all people, at all times, have physical, social, and economic access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food that meets their food preferences and dietary needs for an active and healthy life.